Connectors quizzes – Level 2 class notes

About connectors: http://linguistics-elenapoparcea.blogspot.co.uk/2013/05/an-introduction-to-sentence-connectors.html

Using while and whereas

Although the conjunctions while and whereas have similar uses, there are some differences too. While, for example, can be used to introduce a time-clause. Whereas cannot be used to introduce a time-clause.

Read more at http://www.englishpractice.com/learning/using-while-and-whereas/#bJHD3juyIPUXbhCD.99

test: http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/english-subordinating-conjunctions2.html

Stating Cause and Effect

CAUSE — EFFECT
Consequently (adverb) and as a result (prepositional phrase) are connectives that transition the reader from the idea expressed in one clause to the idea expressed in the next clause. These connectives are followed by a clause expressing the effect of situation stated in the clause before it. A comma separates the adverb from the clause.
EFFECT — CAUSE
Because (since, as, though) and  because of (due to, on account of) are connective prepositions that relate additional, nonessential information to the main clause.  Because is complemented by a clause and because of is complemented by a noun phrase (NP) that states a reason (cause) for the effect stated in the main clause.    – read more here

http://www.esltower.com/GRAMMARQUIZ/GRAMMAR/contrasting%20conjunctions/contrasting%20conjunctions.htmlhttp://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/89.html

http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/quizshow.php?title=subordinating-conjunction-quiz&q=1

Linking Words in English – Reasons and Results

Linking words in English

Linking words help you connect the ideas in a sentence. In this lesson, you’ll learn some common linking words to express reasons and results.

Linking Words: Reasons

Because / Because of – read more here

http://www.grammarbank.com/conjunctions-quiz.html

http://www.grammarbank.com/conjunctions.html

http://www.grammarbank.com/transition-words.html

https://www.espressoenglish.net/linking-words-contrasting-ideas/

You can use the following transitions instead of “So”:

Therefore / Consequently / As a Result / Thus / For this reason

**Note: When you start a sentence with these words, you need to put a comma after them. read more here

http://www.esltower.com/GRAMMARQUIZ/GRAMMAR/contrasting%20conjunctions/contrasting%20conjunctions.html

http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/english-subordinating-conjunctions2.html

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/subcon1.htm

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/9-10.html

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/conn-diagnostic.html

http://www.esltower.com/GRAMMARQUIZ/GRAMMAR/contrasting%20conjunctions/contrasting%20conjunctions.html

More about despite & in spite of: From Rob’s English blog:

Grammar Tip 9: despite/in spite of/even though

Remember that only one of these phrases uses ‘of’:

Despite the heavy weather, the barbecue went ahead.
In spite of the heavy weather, the barbecue went ahead.

‘Despite’ is much more commonly used, especially at the start of a sentence.
Also possible here is ‘regardless of’ and (for those formal occasions) ‘notwithstanding’ .

Remember that both ‘despite’ and ‘in spite of’ can also be used with a gerund (-ing):

Despite reading the whole night, I did not finish the book.
In spite of reading the whole night, I did not finish the book.

Once again, ‘despite’ is more commonly used.

Do not use a subject pronoun – I, you, he, she – and a verb straight after these words. Instead, switch to ‘even though’:

Even though I read the whole night, I did not finish the book.
Even though the weather was heavy, the barbecue went ahead.

Today’s words:

oblelisk:

rudimentary adjective

basic:Her knowledge is still only rudimentary. Rudimentary methods, equipment, systems, or body parts are simple and not very well developed:Some unusual fish have rudimentary legs.

notwithstanding preposition, adverb

UK   formal

C1 despite the fact or thing mentioned:Notwithstanding some membersobjections, I think we must go ahead with the plan.Injuries notwithstanding, the team won the semifinal.

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